diff --git a/scripts/train_model.py b/scripts/train_model.py
index aabbfa4..9b084b0 100644
--- a/scripts/train_model.py
+++ b/scripts/train_model.py
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def _process_index(args: tuple) -> dict | None:
     if df_ind.iloc[-1].isna().any():
         return None
 
-    signal = ind.get_signal(df_ind)
+    signal, _ = ind.get_signal(df_ind)
     if signal == "HOLD":
         return None
 
diff --git a/src/bot.py b/src/bot.py
index 100d84d..6ff7863 100644
--- a/src/bot.py
+++ b/src/bot.py
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class TradingBot:
 
         ind = Indicators(df)
         df_with_indicators = ind.calculate_all()
-        raw_signal = ind.get_signal(
+        raw_signal, signal_detail = ind.get_signal(
             df_with_indicators,
             signal_threshold=self.config.signal_threshold,
             adx_threshold=self.config.adx_threshold,
@@ -147,7 +147,13 @@ class TradingBot:
         )
 
         current_price = df_with_indicators["close"].iloc[-1]
-        logger.info(f"[{self.symbol}] 신호: {raw_signal} | 현재가: {current_price:.4f} USDT")
+        adx_str = f"ADX={signal_detail['adx']:.1f}" if signal_detail['adx'] is not None else "ADX=N/A"
+        vol_str = "Vol급증" if signal_detail['vol_surge'] else "Vol정상"
+        score_str = f"L={signal_detail['long']} S={signal_detail['short']}"
+        if raw_signal == "HOLD" and signal_detail['hold_reason']:
+            logger.info(f"[{self.symbol}] 신호: HOLD | {score_str} | {adx_str} | {vol_str} | 사유: {signal_detail['hold_reason']} | 현재가: {current_price:.4f}")
+        else:
+            logger.info(f"[{self.symbol}] 신호: {raw_signal} | {score_str} | {adx_str} | {vol_str} | 현재가: {current_price:.4f}")
 
         position = await self.exchange.get_position()
 
diff --git a/src/indicators.py b/src/indicators.py
index b67cddb..f55363b 100644
--- a/src/indicators.py
+++ b/src/indicators.py
@@ -58,23 +58,29 @@ class Indicators:
         signal_threshold: int = 3,
         adx_threshold: float = 25,
         volume_multiplier: float = 2.5,
-    ) -> str:
+    ) -> tuple[str, dict]:
         """
         복합 지표 기반 매매 신호 생성.
 
         signal_threshold: 최소 가중치 합계 (기본 3)
         adx_threshold: ADX 최소값 필터 (0=비활성화, 25=ADX<25이면 HOLD)
         volume_multiplier: 거래량 급증 배수 (기본 1.5)
+
+        Returns:
+            (signal, detail) — signal은 "LONG"/"SHORT"/"HOLD",
+            detail은 {"long": int, "short": int, "vol_surge": bool, "adx": float|None, "hold_reason": str}
         """
         last = df.iloc[-1]
         prev = df.iloc[-2]
 
         # ADX 필터
         adx = last.get("adx", None)
-        if adx is not None and not pd.isna(adx):
-            logger.debug(f"ADX: {adx:.1f}")
-            if adx_threshold > 0 and adx < adx_threshold:
-                return "HOLD"
+        adx_val = adx if adx is not None and not pd.isna(adx) else None
+        if adx_val is not None:
+            logger.debug(f"ADX: {adx_val:.1f}")
+            if adx_threshold > 0 and adx_val < adx_threshold:
+                detail = {"long": 0, "short": 0, "vol_surge": False, "adx": adx_val, "hold_reason": f"ADX({adx_val:.1f}) < {adx_threshold}"}
+                return "HOLD", detail
 
         long_signals  = 0
         short_signals = 0
@@ -112,11 +118,23 @@ class Indicators:
         # 6. 거래량 확인 (신호 강화)
         vol_surge = last["volume"] > last["vol_ma20"] * volume_multiplier
 
+        detail = {"long": long_signals, "short": short_signals, "vol_surge": vol_surge, "adx": adx_val, "hold_reason": ""}
+
         if long_signals >= signal_threshold and (vol_surge or long_signals >= signal_threshold + 1):
-            return "LONG"
+            return "LONG", detail
         elif short_signals >= signal_threshold and (vol_surge or short_signals >= signal_threshold + 1):
-            return "SHORT"
-        return "HOLD"
+            return "SHORT", detail
+
+        # HOLD 사유 구성
+        best_side = "LONG" if long_signals >= short_signals else "SHORT"
+        best_score = max(long_signals, short_signals)
+        reasons = []
+        if best_score < signal_threshold:
+            reasons.append(f"{best_side} 점수({best_score}) < 임계값({signal_threshold})")
+        elif not vol_surge and best_score < signal_threshold + 1:
+            reasons.append(f"거래량 미급증 & {best_side} 점수({best_score}) < {signal_threshold + 1}")
+        detail["hold_reason"] = ", ".join(reasons) if reasons else "점수 부족"
+        return "HOLD", detail
 
     def get_atr_stop(
         self, df: pd.DataFrame, side: str, entry_price: float,
diff --git a/tests/test_bot.py b/tests/test_bot.py
index 07de871..0d4e8a3 100644
--- a/tests/test_bot.py
+++ b/tests/test_bot.py
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ async def test_bot_processes_signal(config, sample_df):
     with patch("src.bot.Indicators") as MockInd:
         mock_ind = MagicMock()
         mock_ind.calculate_all.return_value = sample_df
-        mock_ind.get_signal.return_value = "LONG"
+        mock_ind.get_signal.return_value = ("LONG", {"long": 3, "short": 0, "vol_surge": True, "adx": 30.0, "hold_reason": ""})
         mock_ind.get_atr_stop.return_value = (0.48, 0.56)
         MockInd.return_value = mock_ind
         await bot.process_candle(sample_df)
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ async def test_process_candle_calls_close_and_reenter_on_reverse_signal(config,
     with patch("src.bot.Indicators") as MockInd:
         mock_ind = MagicMock()
         mock_ind.calculate_all.return_value = sample_df
-        mock_ind.get_signal.return_value = "SHORT"  # 현재 LONG 포지션에 반대 시그널
+        mock_ind.get_signal.return_value = ("SHORT", {"long": 0, "short": 3, "vol_surge": True, "adx": 30.0, "hold_reason": ""})  # 현재 LONG 포지션에 반대 시그널
         MockInd.return_value = mock_ind
         await bot.process_candle(sample_df)
 
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ async def test_process_candle_passes_raw_signal_to_close_and_reenter_even_if_ml_
     with patch("src.bot.Indicators") as MockInd:
         mock_ind = MagicMock()
         mock_ind.calculate_all.return_value = sample_df
-        mock_ind.get_signal.return_value = "SHORT"
+        mock_ind.get_signal.return_value = ("SHORT", {"long": 0, "short": 3, "vol_surge": True, "adx": 30.0, "hold_reason": ""})
         MockInd.return_value = mock_ind
         await bot.process_candle(sample_df)
 
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ async def test_process_candle_fetches_oi_and_funding(config, sample_df):
     with patch("src.bot.Indicators") as mock_ind_cls:
         mock_ind = MagicMock()
         mock_ind.calculate_all.return_value = sample_df
-        mock_ind.get_signal.return_value = "LONG"
+        mock_ind.get_signal.return_value = ("LONG", {"long": 3, "short": 0, "vol_surge": True, "adx": 30.0, "hold_reason": ""})
         mock_ind_cls.return_value = mock_ind
 
         with patch("src.bot.build_features_aligned") as mock_build:
diff --git a/tests/test_indicators.py b/tests/test_indicators.py
index 43acc63..af0ca2f 100644
--- a/tests/test_indicators.py
+++ b/tests/test_indicators.py
@@ -66,10 +66,11 @@ def test_adx_filter_blocks_low_adx(sample_df):
     df.loc[df.index[-1], "volume"] = df.loc[df.index[-1], "vol_ma20"] * 3
     df["adx"] = 15.0
     # 기본 adx_threshold=25이므로 ADX=15은 HOLD
-    signal = ind.get_signal(df)
+    signal, detail = ind.get_signal(df)
     assert signal == "HOLD"
+    assert "ADX" in detail["hold_reason"]
     # adx_threshold=0이면 ADX 필터 비활성화 → LONG
-    signal = ind.get_signal(df, adx_threshold=0)
+    signal, detail = ind.get_signal(df, adx_threshold=0)
     assert signal == "LONG"
 
 
@@ -78,13 +79,15 @@ def test_adx_nan_falls_through(sample_df):
     ind = Indicators(sample_df)
     df = ind.calculate_all()
     df["adx"] = float("nan")
-    signal = ind.get_signal(df)
+    signal, detail = ind.get_signal(df)
     # NaN이면 차단하지 않고 기존 로직 실행 → LONG/SHORT/HOLD 중 하나
     assert signal in ("LONG", "SHORT", "HOLD")
+    assert detail["adx"] is None
 
 
 def test_signal_returns_direction(sample_df):
     ind = Indicators(sample_df)
     df = ind.calculate_all()
-    signal = ind.get_signal(df)
+    signal, detail = ind.get_signal(df)
     assert signal in ("LONG", "SHORT", "HOLD")
+    assert "long" in detail and "short" in detail